析論教師的行政課責：公立學校教師作為廣義公務員的實質懲戒與懲處

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題名(英): A discussion on administrative duty of public school's teachers: being a generalized officer's disciplinary measures and service rating

關鍵詞(英): Teacher's disciplinary measures 、 Teacher's service rating 、 Teacher's administrative duty 、 Teacher's contract duty 、 Teacher's assessment

全文內容: 　　公立學校教師係依教育人員任用條例所任用的專業人員，其與學校（代表國家或自治團體）間為以聘約為基礎的聘任關係，且契約標的內容乃為實現國家教育高權之任務。依《教師法》的「尊師重道」立法精神，有關權利義務應由雙方議定，無由一方基於意思優越之地位，而不適用國家懲戒及懲處制度。準此，國家亦不宜動輒以法律規範，以非教學目標的義務相繩，俾保有教師相當自主性得從事教學任務。惟依《教師法》、《大學法》及《教育人員任用條例》等規定，仍負加因身分義務而附隨的行政責任，包括解職（解聘、不續聘及停聘）及不得提出升等、晉薪、支領超支鐘點費、兼職兼課、休假研究等實質懲戒的行政課責，而主管機關依《教師法》另訂有性質上為懲處的《教師成績考核辦法》，此種教師行政課責的適法性及合憲性，洵非無疑。

全文內容: 　　The public school's teachers, sign as a party of administrative contract with governments, are also generalized officials authorized to execute educational goals and salaried monthly. For the will of Teacher Act to esteem teachers, the contract should be signed freely and equally that no party's intention is superior to the other, teachers don't apply to the national disciplinary measures and service rating. By so doing, teachers can keep it's own autonomy and execute the educational goals. Though the rule of 《Teacher Act》、《University Act》 and 《Educators Appointment Act》, teachers didn't however exempt from administrative duty including deprival of job、evaluation、promotion、overtime pay and vacation on errand. The authoried administration also enacted enforcement rules of service rating to estimate teachers' accomplishments. Indeed, the relative requirements of service rating of teachers are disputable with violation of Constitution.