監察院對司法人員實施監察權之分析

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題名(英): An Analysis of the Control Yuan 's Control Power over the Judicial Personnel

關鍵詞(英): Control Yuan 、 Judicial Yuan 、 Judges Act 、 impeachment power 、 investigative power 、 control power

全文內容: 　　這篇文章從多個視角處理了監察院與司法院的關係。首先，文章論述了民國40年代，軍司法案件與一般司法案件如何同時成為監察院的管轄對象的過程；作者認為，在當時海峽兩岸軍事對峙的情境下，監察院就已具有一定的自主性。又，文章針對1950年到1970年左右監察院對司法人員的彈劾案作了統計和分析。其次，文章分從法律規範和現實實踐兩方面，探討了司法人員的私德問題成為監察院調查糾彈之標的的原因。再次，文章就監察院調查權之行使是否影響了司法人員的「審判獨立」這個問題展開詳細的討論；作者認為協調折衷說似為較合理的處理方式，即在判決定讞、法律關係確定後，監察院得就審判案件內容進行調查，其目的並非推翻該判決，而是調查法官認事用法是否有違失之處。最後，文章探討了民國100年〈法官法〉制定後監察院究竟應該如何對司法人員實施彈劾權這個新課題。

全文內容: 　　This study deals with the relation between the Control Yuan and the Judicial Yuan from different perspectives. Firstly, how military judicial cases came under the supervision of the Control Yuan as all the other civil judicial cases did in the 1950s will be discussed. The author is convinced that the Control Yuan must have had a strong sense of autonomy during the period when the cross-strait military situation remained deadlocked. Additionally, statistics and analyses of the impeachment brought by the Control Yuan against the judicial personnel from 1950 to 1970 have been made in this paper. Secondly, why the private morality of judicial personnel should be investigated by the Control Yuan will also be analyzed from the perspectives of law and reality. Thirdly, whether the investigative power of the Control Yuan may impact judicial independence in any way will be fully discussed in this article. As the author contends, negotiation and compromise seem to be viable approaches. Even with the conviction affirmed by the supreme court and legal relations identified, the Control Yuan, nonetheless, is endowed with the authority to review the cases for the purpose of investigating if the judge’s identifying usage is correct rather than overturning the judgment. Finally, with the Judges Act（2011）being made, the new issue of the impeachment brought by the Control Yuan against the judicial personnel will be explored in this study.