從孫中山先生的民權學說看兩岸的民主前景

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題名(英): On Cross-Strait Democratic Development: A Study of "Mingquan" Theory of Dr. Sun Yat-Sen

全文內容: 　　本文以內容分析或語境分析的方法，透過了解中山先生民權學說中的關鍵詞彙，以及著重於從中國傳統思想中探索淵源，期能較為精確地重新認識中山先生的民權學說。本文的研究認為，當前臺海兩岸的「民主」觀有其根源相同之處，並也皆可藉中山先生的民權學說來認識。基於此，本文首先辨明中山先生使用「民權」和「民主」二詞彙時，應屬不同的指涉與具有不同的涵義，而這也是被許多研究者所忽視與誤解的課題。其次，本文論證中山先生表達democracy的概念時，使用的是「民權」而非「民主」的一詞，並比較分析了中山先生的「民權」與西方的「民主」間之不同，以及進一步指出中山先生的民權觀實屬積極為公的道德或義務，而並非西方人所講的權利。最後，本文依據中山先生的民權觀，概略地解釋與評析當前臺海兩岸的民主現況與前景，並進而認為兩岸未來在民主政治的發展過程中，激化的民族主義意識將會是個最主要的阻力。

全文內容: 　　This paper adopts context analysis as research approach. Through some important elements of Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's theory of Minquan(theory of people's rights) and traditional Chinese thinking, this paper hopes to re-interpret his theory of Minquan more precisely. Moreover, this paper considers that current Cross-Strait idea of democracy has same roots. We can also understand such idea through Dr. Sun.
　　This paper covers three issues: First, it points out the different indications and meanings of "Mingguan" coined by Dr. Sun Yat-Sen. He in fact used "Mingquan" specifically to express the concept of democracy. Second, the concept of "Mingquan" refers to public ethics and obligation rather than the idea of "rights" used in the West. Finally, this paper analyzes the status quo and future democratic development of cross-straits. It states that the main barrier of the democratic development of cross-straits is the over-stimulation of nationalism.