本館出版品

孫中山的科技強國夢

Sun Yat-sen’s dream of a technologically strong nation

孫學研究

1996-265-7

半年刊

2024/11/12

第37期

p.121-146

孫中山是中國近代偉大的民主革命先行者，也是中國現代化先驅之一。19世紀末20世紀初，科學思潮強勁發展，孫中山在早年的求學時代，接受了科學教育，逐步確立了科學觀念。走上民主革命道路後，孫中山立志不僅要成為封建專制的“破壞者”，還要成為共和國家的建設者。儘管從創建共和到捍衛共和，孫中山耗費了畢生精力，但建設一個富強文明的中國，始終是其念茲在茲、夢寐以求的願景。孫中山始終在思索如何改變貧窮落後的中國，他在革命低潮時，潛心撰寫了《實業計劃》等書。孫中山以其周遊世界的豐富經歷，廣闊的視野和前瞻性，提出建設中國的方案。
孫中山一生飽覽群書，足跡遍佈全球，真正做到了讀萬卷書、行萬裡路。他將自然、人文、社會等領域的科學知識融為一體，努力應用於中國現代化建設。孫中山的思想始終閃耀著科學的光輝，孫中山逝世後，上海《東方雜誌》曾評論道，“革命不過為先生所採用之一種手段，至於先生終身所努力者，其目的全在建設。”從鐵路、港口、航空到城市建設，孫中山畢生孜孜不倦探索中國的發展道路。尤為可貴的是，在那個科學方興未艾的時代，孫中山作為先知先覺者，始終將科學技術之觀念置於崇高地位並力圖付之於實踐。
在孫中山誕辰158週年之際，廣州孫中山大元帥府紀念館和澳門「辛亥革命與中山文化研究會」合作舉辦本次展覽，從孫中山早年對科學的認識出發，重點回顧孫中山在鐵路、港口、航空、城市建設等方面的關注、計劃與實踐，重溫孫中山的科技強國夢，弘揚孫中山偉大的國家民族精神，鼓勵廣大青少年投身科技事業，為民族的偉大復興貢獻力量，誠具有重要之意義。

Sun Yat-sen was the forerunner of China’s great modern democratic revolution. He was also one of the pioneers of China’s modernization. From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th, a wave of scientific thinking was strongly advancing development. In the era when Sun Yat-sen was in school, he received a scientific education that gradually established his scientific attitudes. After he started on the road toward democratic revolution, his will became set on not just being a ‘destroyer’ of feudalistic autocracy, but of being the builder of a republic. Although Sun eventually exhausted his life along the way from establishing the republic to defending it, the vision foremost and most dreamed-of in his mind was always building a prosperous, strong, civilized China. Sun Yat-sen was always considering how to transform an impoverished, backward China. At the low ebb of the revolution, he put his heart into writing books such as The International Development of China. Using his rich experiences traveling the world, which expanded both his horizons and his foresight, he proposed a program for building China up.
Sun Yat-sen devoured books and traveled the globe; he literally achieved the dream of reading ten thousand books and traveling ten thousand miles. He transformed scientific knowledge in fields such as nature, humanities, and society into a single unitary entity, which he applied to the building a modern China. Sun’s thought was always glimmering with the radiance of science. After his death, an evaluation in The Eastern Miscellany magazine stated, “Revolution was but one method employed by the master. As to that which the master devoted his entire life, all his goals were set upon building up.” From building railroads, to seaports, to airports, to cities, Sun Yat-sen was always unfailingly and indefatigably searching for paths to development for China. Most precious among these efforts is that, in an era where science had only just started to get off the ground, Sun was able to see the future; he always gave scientific and technological concepts the highest place of honor, and worked arduously to realize them.
On the 158th anniversary of Sun Yat-sen’s birth, the Xinhai Revolution and Sun Yat-sen Culture Research Association (in Macao) and the Memorial Museum of Generalissimo Sun Yat-Sen’s Mansion (in Guangzhou) collaborated on an exhibition. The exhibition gives a retrospective, starting with Sun’s awareness of science in his early days, of how much attention he paid to building railroads, seaports, airports, and cities. Through a review of his plans and practices, the exhibition aims to relive Sun Yat-sen’s dream of a scientifically strong nation, to praise Sun’s great patriotic spirit, and to encourage young people to invest their energies into sci-tech enterprises. Together, the large number of youth in China can devote their strength to the great rejuvenation of the people, which is of vast significance.

國立國父紀念館

臺北市

投稿日：民國113年10月7日；接受刊登日：113年10月30日