邁向民主鞏固與國家認同的新思維：兼論孫中山對相關問題的主張

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題名(英): The Resolution Method to the State Identity Diversity in the Consolidated Democracy Era: In Comparison of the Related Method Raised by Dr. Sun Yat-sen

關鍵詞(英): Democracy 、 Majority Rule 、 Democracy Transformation 、 State Identity 、 Consolidated Democracy

全文內容: 　　本文從民主政治的理念、民主國家運作的憲政規範，探討民主轉型不同階段之內容，並舉相關國家之發展歷程作引證說明。
　　由這些國家的不同狀況，回歸臺灣在國民政府遷臺後的民主運作～從威權到民主深化。並探討1990 年代臺灣解嚴後，社會自由開放及選舉競爭，將威權時期隱而不顯的族群對立和國家認同分歧激化後，對民主鞏固的影響作一分析。最後比較孫中山在建立民國初期，同樣面對族群對立之解決方式，並謀求借鏡之道。同時提出以文化認同為核心的多面向思考之解決當前認同分歧之方向。

全文內容: 　　In this paper, author bases on the concepts of the democratic politics and on the constitutional fundaments for which the most of the republic countries are operated, deals with contents in the different eras of democracy transformations. Author also illustrates many facts related with the evolution processes of countries for evidences.
　　By different situations of these countries' examples, author focus on the topics of democratic operations in Taiwan after the Republic Government retreated to Taiwan Province. Generally speaking is from dictatorship to consolidated democracy. Author also analysis some facts that impact to the consolidated period of democracy, in most that the society liberation activities and public elections’ competitions after de-Martial Act during 1990s period, will stimulate state identity diversity and ethnic groups' conflicts that are implicated in the dictatorship period.
　　Finally, in comparison with the resolution method proposed by Dr. Sun Yat-Sen who faced the same situation about the ethnic groups' conflicts on the early Republic period after 1911 Revolution, will provide adequate method to solve the identity problem. Besides that, author also points out some direction to solve the current identity diversity that is based on the poly aspects minds cored with the same cultural identity.