詮釋資料說明

文件類型

本館出版品

題名

孫中山《實業計畫》中經濟法治思想分析

題名(英)

An analysis of economic and legal rights within the economic and rules of law thinking in Sun Yat-sen’s The International Development of China

作者

林欣諺

期刊

孫學研究

ISSN

1996-265-7

出版頻率

半年刊

出版西元年月日

2025-11-12

卷期

第39期

頁次

p.97-131

關鍵詞

經濟法史、實業計畫、中山思想、經濟法治、世界經濟法律思想

關鍵詞(英)

Sun Yat-sen, The International Development of China, Economic rule-of-law thought, World economic and legal thought

全文內容

本研究旨在論證孫中山先生所撰寫的〈實業計畫〉不僅是近代中國吸引外資、建設基礎設施的經濟規劃，更深蘊著所謂「人格自主發展權（民治）—經濟自主發展權（民生）—經濟發展權、分配權、安全權—養民生息—國富民強」這一邏輯脈絡的經濟法律思想以及經濟法治思想乃至世界經濟法律思想。
同時，孫中山先生的「民治」本質上體現出對權力的限制及對人民基本權利的保障，因而作為法治（Rule of Law）內涵的核心，體現出與西方有別的人格自主發展權的重視。此外，孫中山先生〈實業計畫〉中經濟發展權、經濟分配權、經濟安全權三者的相互關聯，及其以人格自主發展權為要義。在政治領域，通過「民治」消除官吏與列強的權力壟斷，保障人民人格自主發展；在經濟領域，強調資源開發與收益的公平、中外合作互利互惠、杜絕不公平競爭及對國家經濟安全的侵害。
此外，「民治」作為人格自主發展權的體現，是作為「民生」的經濟自主發展權、國家經濟自主發展權以及世界經濟發展的基礎，當民治與民生結合，真正實現出孫中山先生所冀望大同社會的「養民生息」乃至於促進解放世界和人類的實現，對當代法治具有一定程度上的啟示意義。

全文內容

This study seeks to demonstrate that the book The International Development of China authored by Dr. Sun Yat-sen is not only an economic plan upon which contemporary China can attract foreign investment and boost infrastructure. The book also forms an economic and legal system of thought, and an economic and rule of law system of thought – even world economic and legal concepts – within this logical thread: The right to develop one’s own personality (Governance by People) – The right to economic self-determination (People’s Livelihood) – The rights to economic development, distribution and security – Livelihoods to sustain the people – A prosperous country and resilient people.
Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Governance by People simultaneously embodies within itself limitations on power and the protection of people’s basic rights. This is the core principle of the Rule of Law, and an emphasis on the right to autonomously develop one’s own personality that serves as a key distinction from Western thought. The core of The International Development of China is the interrelationship between the rights to economic development, economic distribution, and economic security, and their basis in the right to develop one’s own personality. In the political sphere, Governance by the People eliminates bureaucracy and the Great Powers’ monopolies on power, and thus ensures the people’s rights to develop their own personalities. In the economic sphere, it emphasizes fair and equitable development of resources and enjoyment of benefits; national and international partnerships that create mutual advantage; and elimination of unfair competition and threats to national economic security.
Governance by People, as an embodiment of the right to develop one’s own personality, serves as the basis for the People’s Livelihood, in the form of the right to economic self-determination, a nation’s right to economic self-determination, and world economic development. When Governance by People and the People’s Livelihoods are combined, this truly realizes the Livelihoods to Sustain the People in a world of great harmony, and even the permanent peace of the human world, as envisioned by Dr. Sun Yat-sen. This provides a certain degree of inspiration for the contemporary rule of law.

出版者

國立國父紀念館

出版地

臺北市

備註

投稿日：民國114年06月19日；接受刊登日：民國114年10月13日