詮釋資料說明

文件類型

本館出版品

題名

現實地緣戰略與列強殖民利益：法國第三共和視角下的孫中山革命

題名(英)

Real-world Geostrategy and Powers’ Colonial Interests: A French-Third-Republic Perspective on Sun Yat-sen’s Revolution

作者

沈中衡

期刊

孫學研究

ISSN

1996-265-7

出版頻率

半年刊

出版西元年月日

2026-05-16

卷期

第40期

頁次

p.71-109

關鍵詞

孫中山、法國第三共和、地緣戰略、殖民利益、跨文化史觀、交叉史、印太戰略

關鍵詞(英)

Sun Yat-sen, French Third Republic, geostrategy, colonial interests, cross-cultural historical perspective, histoire croisée, Indo-Pacific strategy

全文內容

本研究採用跨文化史觀與「交叉史」（histoire croisée）途徑，重新審視中國民主革命先驅孫中山（1866–1925）與法國第三共和之間錯綜複雜的互動關係。傳統論述常將雙方關係簡化為法國大革命啟蒙思想的單向傳遞；然而，透過爬梳西方外交檔案與學界論述，本研究認為孫中山與法國的互動實質上建立在「地緣戰略」與「殖民利益」的務實交換之上，而非單純的意識形態共鳴。
19世紀末至20世紀初，法國對華政策深受維護法屬印度支那安全與擴張華南經濟特權所驅動。本研究揭示了雙方在不同歷史階段的現實政治Realpolitik）博弈：從早期的邊境秘密援助與情報合作，到辛亥革命成功後基於金融資本利益的冷淡處理，再到聯俄容共時期的保守防範與敵視。此外，本文引入西方學界對「國父神話」的去神話化（demystification）視角，揭示孫中山作為革命外交家的機會主義色彩，以及法國政客以「姊妹共和國」修辭掩護殖民擴張的外交本質。
最後，本文將歷史縱深延伸至當代，探討法國從殖民時期的干涉主義到21世紀印太戰略的演變。研究凸顯了法國亞太政策中「國家利益」凌駕於「普世價值」的高度歷史連續性。本研究透過解構百年前的法孫互動史，提供理解近代列強外交與跨文化政治傳播的全新視角。

全文內容

This study adopts a cross-cultural historical perspective and the histoire croisée method to re-examine the complex interaction between Sun Yat-sen (1866–1925), a pioneer of China’s democratic revolution, and the French Third Republic. Traditional discussions often simplify the relationship between the two as a one-way transmission of Enlightenment ideas from the French Revolution. However, by exploring and analyzing Western diplomatic archives and academic discussions, this study argues that the interaction between Sun Yat-sen and France was, in essence, grounded in a practical exchange of “geostrategy” and “colonial interests” rather than merely ideological resonance.
From the late 19th to early 20th century, France’s policy toward China was strongly driven by the desire to maintain the security of French Indochina and expand its economic privileges in South China. This study reveals the state of realpolitik between the two sides across different historical stages: The relationship evolved from early secret border assistance and intelligence cooperation, to lukewarm treatment based on financial and capital interests following the success of the Xinhai Revolution, and finally to conservative vigilance and hostility during the period of Alliance with Russia and Tolerance of Communists. In addition, this study introduces a Western academic perspective of demystification on the “founding father myth” to reveal Sun Yat-sen’s opportunistic nature as a revolutionary diplomat, and French politicians’ rhetoric of “sister republics” to mask the diplomatic nature of colonial expansion.
Finally, this study extends its historical context to the contemporary era, exploring France’s evolution from colonial interventionism to its 21st-century Indo-Pacific strategy, which highlights the high degree of historical continuity in France’s Asia-Pacific policy, where “national interests” are prioritized over “universal values”. The study analyzes the history of interactions between France and Sun Yat-sen a century ago, providing a new perspective for understanding the diplomacy of modern powers and cross-cultural political communication.

出版者

國立國父紀念館

出版地

臺北市

備註

投稿日：民國114年08月21日；接受刊登日：民國115年04月23日