詮釋資料說明

文件類型

本館出版品

題名

孫中山、辛亥革命與南洋 --從紀念活動和慶典談起

題名(英)

Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the Xinhai Revolution, and Nanyang – A Talk on Memorial Activities and Celebrations

作者

陳丁輝

期刊

孫學研究

ISSN

1996-2657

出版頻率

半年刊

出版西元年月日

2022/05/16

卷期

第32期

頁次

p.179-199

關鍵詞

孫中山、辛亥革命、南洋、晚晴園

關鍵詞(英)

Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Xinhai Revolution, Nanyang, Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall

全文內容

中國自1911年辛亥革命成功推翻滿清之後，其政體由帝制改為共和，孫中山亦於1912年元月出任中華民國臨時大總統。1925年孫中山在北京病逝，新馬兩地遂開始以各種形式舉行與他及辛亥有關的紀念活動，其中有每週年行之如儀的紀念日，也有大規模的慶典，如2011年辛亥革命一百週年，兩地爭相舉辦紀念活動，熱鬧非凡。本文將從歷史的脈絡回顧一百年前孫中山在南洋的革命足跡，藉以說明新馬如何與孫中山的革命運動產生聯結；繼而討論自辛亥革命成功以來，至孫中山逝世以後，新馬華社如何透過各種活動、儀式和慶典來紀念這場革命及緬懷偉人，形塑了特殊的歷史與社會記憶；接著再以新加坡晚晴園以及馬來西亞各地的紀念館為例，探究兩國慶祝辛亥百年背後的意涵。最後分析這些持續了百年之久的活動與慶典，背後所蘊含的意義及所帶出的訊息。本文試圖分析說明中國崛起的經濟效應這個過於簡化的解釋框架外，力求以本土的角度來理解這類活動，其中包括經濟因素外的文化作用力和當代政治張力。透過百年辛亥紀念形式的異同，亦可見出當地政府對華社在態度和立場上的微妙變化。

全文內容

After the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 that overthrew the Qing government, the political system transitioned from a monarchy to a republic, and Dr. Sun Yat-sen was sworn in to take the office of the Provisional President of the Republic of China in 1912. Since his passing in Beijing in 1925, various forms of Xinhai Revolution-related memorial activities began to be held in Singapore and Malaysia. In particular, Memorial Day celebrations as well as large-scale celebrations were held every year, such as the 2011 Xinhai Revolution centennial. Both countries eagerly held extraordinarily bustling memorial activities.
In this paper, the revolutionary footprints of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in Nanyang 100 years ago were reviewed from the historical context. How Singapore and Malaysia formed links with Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s revolutionary movements are explained. The discussion covered how the ethnic Chinese societies in Singapore and Malaysia commemorated the revolution and the great man through various activities, rituals, and celebrations from the time the of the success of the Xinhai Revolution until Dr. Sun Yat-sen passed away, thereby forming a special historical and social memory. Subsequently, the memorial halls in all parts of Malaysia were adopted as the examples. The implications behind the Xinhai centennials celebrated in both countries are explored. Finally, the activities and celebrations carried on for a hundred years, the significance behind them, and the messages carried were analyzed. Thinking outside the box of the overly simplified interpretation of the economic effects following modern China’s rise, this paper attempts to understand the activities from a local perspective, including the action force of culture and the tension of contemporary politics. Through the similarities and differences in the forms of the Xinhai centennials, the subtle changes in the attitude and stance of the local governments toward their ethnic Chinse societies are evident.

出版者

國立國父紀念館

出版地

臺北市

備註

投稿日：民國111年3月31日；接受刊登日：民國111年4月29日