孫文國際政治思想之新研究架構
本館出版品
孫文國際政治思想之新研究架構
The New Analytical Framework of International Politics Thoughts of Dr. Sun Yat-sen
孫學研究
1996-265-7
半年刊
2008/11/12
第05期
P039-067
筆者根據研習孫學、世界近代史及國際關係理論的心得,試提出一個包含六個面向的新分析架構,據以分析近代亞非國家政治領袖國際政治思想,同時以孫文為第一個驗證案例,證明其解釋性。此架構的第一個面向為重大的歷史變化及影響。以亞非國家為例,與近代國際關係有關聯的重大歷史事件均為面臨西方文明之侵襲。而這個侵襲對國家的影響會以漣漪效應及連鎖反應的方式擴散,最後導致國家發生重大變革。第二個面向從理論層面專注於國際政治環境之影響,舉例而言,如清末民初的國際多元體系對於外交決策者所造成的影響,又如利用國際政治經濟學的角度研究孫文的外交主張思想。第三個面向關注於當時決策者政治實力,例如相對於北洋政府及背後有列強支持的各路軍閥,孫文囿於本身政治實力,所能執行的外交政策選項就十分受限,因此他迫於當時局勢而不得不提出聯俄容共及聯張敵吳等策略。第四面向是決策者個人特質。第五個面向專注於個人認知,亦即其世界觀及自我定位等。第六個面向為決策者為國家設定的總體戰略。
提出以上新分析架構的目的,除延續並發揚前輩的研究成果外,亦盼引導研究者的注意與興趣,並與西方的相關學科結合,提升研究層次,如此,除了傳統研究孫文國際政治思想之途徑外,更希冀能提出具有國際關係理論意涵之研究成果,以豐富孫學研究的領域。
Enlightened by the study on Dr. Sun Yet-sen, modern world history and international relations theory, the author wishes to propose a new a new analytical framework for the international political thoughts of the leaders of Asian and African countries, and the author picks Dr.Sun Yat-sen as the first study case. The first dimension of the framework concentrates on the macro-historical change of development of those countries. For example, the biggest changes of those countries are the invasion of Western civilization. The impact of the invasions will affect the countries by the way of the ripple effect and chain reaction, and eventually led to the major domestic changes. The second-dimension focuses on the impact of international political environment, such as how the pluralistic world system affect the policy maker of Late Ching Dynasty, or the use of the theory of international political or economy to explain Dr.Sun' diplomacy. The third dimension deals with the power of decision-makers. For example, Dr. Sun was forced by the situation to cooperate with Russia and China communist. The fourth-dimension has to do with the elite's cognitive and personal trait. The fifth-dimension is the personal cognitive of decision maker. The grand strategy which made by decision maker has designed for the country is the last dimension.
The purpose of this study is to enrich the field of the study on Dr. Sun by the integration of the previous study and modern international political theories. Our knowledge about international politics thoughts of Dr. Sun Yat-sen will thus be greatly enhanced.
國立國父紀念館
臺北市
GPN:2009503228