從中山先生地方自治理念看大陸城市居民自治

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題名(英): Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's Local Autonomy Ideas and Its Practice in Mainland China Urban Self-Government

關鍵詞(英): Local Self-government 、 Local Autonomy 、 Village Self-government 、 Urban Local Democracy 、 Urban Residents Committee 、 Street Administration

全文內容: 　　中山先生的自治理念，在海峽兩岸各自有不同的實踐。大陸在地方自治實踐上，首為村治民主，現則擴大至街居自治。
　　大陸街居自治從1989年開始，但是，直到2002-2003年間才擴大，現推廣到各城市。城市基層自治主因在於單位人的減少，社會人的增加。未來城市社區民主的發展，取決於經濟自主權的增加，直接選舉，黨的減少干預，以及人民大會民主功能的改變。

全文內容: 　　Dr. Sun Yat-sen's idea of local self-government has its impact upon the practical local political development across the two sides of Taiwan Straits.
　　The first step to develop local self-government has happened in village around the countryside of Mainland. Until now, the following step along this tide of village democracy is building around the urban areas in China.
　　Residents Committee members in any city are elected, although mostly indirectly elected by house delegates, according to the 1989 Resident Committee Organization Law. From 2002 to 2003, habitants directly elect most Residents Committee members.
　　The development of urban local autonomy is due to the decrease of service function for their employees in community by units. The transformation of social service in community daily life makes the need of resident committee autonomy.
　　In the future, the vitality of urban self-government depends upon its economic resources, direct election, declining of party intervention and the improvement of the People Assembly.