詮釋資料說明

文件類型

本館出版品

題名

孫中山「均富」的真諦與臺灣當代政策抉擇

題名(英)

The True Meaning of Sun Yat-sen's Idea of Equitable Prosperity and the Policy Choice of Contemporary Taiwan

作者

劉阿榮

期刊

孫學研究

ISSN

1996-265-7

出版頻率

半年刊

出版西元年月日

2013/11/12

卷期

第15期

頁次

P099-119

關鍵詞

孫中山均富思想 、 做更大的餅 、 減法經濟學 、 社會公平正義

關鍵詞(英)

equitable prosperity 、 enlarge the pie 、 economy based on subtractive thinking 、 social justice

全文內容

　　人們對社會經濟表現兩種最主要的關懷：一方面是追求生活的富足；另一方面則避免貧富不均所帶來的社會公平正義問題。用經濟學的術語表述，即「經濟發展」與「所得分配」的問題；若以孫中山的話語表達，就是「求富」和「求均」的議題。孫中山主張工業化以求富，社會化以求均，此一理想成為其後革命志業繼承者或主政者應努力的方向。
　　1949年中樞播遷來臺，形成兩岸分裂分治的政經現實。臺灣經歷農工發展與產業升級的歷程，而所得分配大致維持平均，換言之，經濟政策是「如何做一個更大的餅」，同時使大家分配更多、且相對的地更平均。近年來國內外經濟情勢艱困，執政者的政策取向和社會上若干思維是，「如何把餅分配得更平均？」然而，此一政策未必奏效，卻使的政策抉擇陷入困境：未達更公平理想，卻阻滯發展的動力。
　　本文針對孫中山所謂「均富」的概念做一釐清，並以臺灣經濟發展與所得分配的歷程，加以回顧或檢視，反思當前臺灣公平正義理念下的社會、經濟政策，究竟能邁向「均富」？還是朝「均貧」的方向沈淪？全文共分五節：除引言與結論之外，第二節探討孫中山「均富」思想的意涵與真諦；第三節「求均」和「求富」的爭辯與實踐；第四節則檢視「如何做一個更大的餅？」還是「把餅分得更平均？」

全文內容

　　There are in general two main concerns for socio-economic development, i.e. either with life fulfillment or with the questions of social justice brought about by disparity of wealth, which in economic terms are problems of economic development on the one hand and income distribution on the other, or in the words of Sun himself, of wealth and parity. Sun suggested industrialization for wealth and socialization for parity. This ideal became the direction for the later revolutionaries and politicians alike to follow thereafter.
　　The move of the central government to Taiwan in 1949 has made the separation a hard fact in politics as well as in economy. Throughout the process of agricultural and industrial developments, the parity of income distribution was roughly maintained. The economic policy then aimed at enlarging the pie so that people would share more and evenly. Yet in recent years, the economic difficulties have led the policy as well as social thinking into considering how to evenly share the pie. While the move is not much put into effect, the policy choice is however trapped in a dilemma, i.e. before the ideal of justice is realised, the dynamic of development has already been stagnated.
　　The paper hence aims to explicate the idea of Sun's equitable prosperity and seeks to reflect on the contemporary social and economic policies via a review of the processes of economic development and income distribution. Is Taiwan going toward equitable prosperity or poverty? The paper is going to answer the question in five parts. After a brief introduction, the second part will discuss Sun's idea and meaning of equitable prosperity. The third part will then follow with and exploration of the debate between pro-parity and pro-wealth groups. Before the paper is concluded in the fifth part, the discussion will go on to address the question of whether to enlarge the pie or to share it evenly.

出版者

國立國父紀念館

出版地

臺北市

備註

GPN:2009503228