詮釋資料說明

文件類型

本館出版品

題名

孫中山國防經濟思想對新疆開發之影響初探

題名(英)

An attempt to explore the influence upon Xingjiang’s development in view of Sun Yat-Sen's theory on defense economics

作者

許世宗

期刊

孫學研究

ISSN

1996-2657

出版頻率

半年刊

出版西元年月日

2019/05/16

卷期

第26期

頁次

p.63-88

關鍵詞

孫中山 、 國防經濟思想 、 新疆開發 、 一帶一路

關鍵詞(英)

Sun Yat-Sen 、 Defense Economics 、 Development in Xinjiang 、 Belt and Road Initiative

全文內容

中國大陸是地域遼闊、人口眾多的多民族國家，歷代王朝一般對經濟落後、交通不便、中央政令不宜通達的邊疆地區，採取另外一套治理方法或措施。經過幾千年的歷史發展，主要體現為武力開拓、移民實邊、以夷治夷等方面。孫中山思想有因襲固有，以及規撫西方學說事蹟者。民國建立後，孫中山非常重視西部邊疆地區的開發與建設，並對邊疆地區的形勢，以及資源豐富，地廣人疏的特點提出一些具體的建設想法。啟發之後，國民政府的西北開發決策思想、毛澤東「一五計畫」時期的西北開發決策思想，以及江澤民時期的西部大開發戰略思想等。

2013年底，中國大陸提出「一帶一路」倡議後，在簽署的合作協議與推動的重大項目中，主要以「一帶」國家居多。就政治、經濟與能源安全上，研判大陸連通中亞將是其開發、建設重點，故與中亞接壤的新疆，具有無可取代的地緣優勢，因而被定位為「一帶」的核心區。新疆的戰略定位得到較大的提升，成為中國大陸21世紀的陸疆地緣戰略支點，其地緣戰略價值相對於古代和近代也發生了諸多變化。

全文內容

With its vast lands and population, China is a multi-ethnic country. Emperors in the past dynasties adopted different governance approaches in the border areas, where economics and transportation were undeveloped and central governments’ orders were almost unable to reach. After millenniums of ruling, the results could be seen in the fields of military expansion, migration policy, and the scheme that pitted minority groups against each other. Sun Yat-Sen’s theory assumed such existing tactics and also those of Western doctrine. After the establishment of the Republic Era, Sun placed a heavy focus on cultivating China’s Western frontiers and proposed development ideas that tailored to the uniqueness of these places, such as the various and vast landscapes, rich resources, and scattered population. Sun’s master plan had inspired the development strategies under the Nationalist government, Mao Zedong’s first Five-Year Plan, and Jiang Zemin's ruling.

After China announced its Belt and Road Initiative at the end of 2013, it has signed agreements with and launched major development projects mainly in countries along the overland economic corridors on the ancient Silk Road. From the political, economic and energy security perspectives, China is connecting Central Asia with its development investment – making Xinjiang an indispensable and core region in BRI due to its geographical location. Xinjiang’s strategic role has been greatly elevated in China’s 21st century geostrategy in its border areas – a great contrast from its position in the past.

出版者

國立國父紀念館

出版地

臺北市